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Competitive swimming is one of the most watched events in the Summer Olympic Games. The competition consists of 36 events, including 18 for males and 18 for females, though the International Olympic Committee only recognizes 34 events (17 for males, 17 for females).

Swim meets at the Olympic Games are held in regulation 50 meter swimming pools that are divided into lanes for each swimmer. Distances typically swam include 50, 100 and 200 meters or yards and the strokes that are used in competition include the following: the breaststroke, the butterfly stroke, the backstroke and the freestyle stroke.

The breaststroke involves kicking your legs, making sure knees stay as close together as possible, scooping water towards your chest, and then thrusting your arms forward, extending them as far as they will go just before the kicking is repeated. Breaths are taken as the arms are coming down from being extended.

The butterfly stroke, known as the fastest modality in swimming, borrows a few key movements from the breaststroke; however, the butterfly, or “fly” as it’s known to most swimmers, is slightly more complicated and involves synchronizing arm and leg movements in order to maintain movement and speed. The proper technique involves extending your arms beyond your head, palms facing slightly down, and using your arms to push through the water in a sort of semicircle movement that ends with releasing your arms at the waist. While the arms are extended, you’re periodically coming up for air, then pulling your arms down. Meanwhile you are synchronizing your legs with your arm movements, kicking with both feet together in sequence with two kicks per stroke.

The backstroke style involves floating on your back while using one arm at a time to glide through the water, all while kicking both of your feet simultaneously.

The freestyle stroke is based on whatever stroke you choose, though the most popular stroke is the front crawl. This involves breathing to the side with one ear in the water, and alternating leg and arm movements. The swimming distances vary during freestyle competitions and can go up to 1,500 meters.

The National Center for Chronic Disease Prevention and Health Promotion has released its report on childhood obesity. According to the data, obesity has more than tripled among children in the last 30 years. The prevalence of obesity in children ages six to 11 years is 19.6%, which is up from 6.5% in 1980, and the prevalence of obesity among children age 12 to 19 years skyrocketed to 18.1%, up from 5% in 1980.

It’s no secret that obesity continues to be a growing concern in the U.S., particularly as more children are falling into the categories of being obese and morbidly obese. Obesity is defined as weighing more than 20% over your ideal weight, and morbid obesity is defined as weighing more than twice your ideal weight.

According to the American Heart Association, children are not as fit as they were a generation ago, which can be attributed to several factors, including a sedentary lifestyle brought on by video games and the Internet, as well as the high availability of unhealthy foods, and many children are already exhibiting signs of cardiovascular disease and other related conditions. And while the risk of heart attack and stroke are certainly lower in children than adults, there is significant evidence that the risk factors for these diseases begin in childhood.

Fortunately, the effects of a poor diet, lack of physical activity and cigarette smoking can be erased early on by a healthy diet and regular exercise. It’s up to parents to encourage activity and good food choices now so these healthy habits will be part of their child’s daily routine now and in the future.

Whether your child prefers moderate or vigorous activity, solo activities or team sports, make sure to get him or her involved in regular daily exercise. Even chores count as ways of burning calories. Switch out sugary foods and beverages for healthy choices and incorporate more fruits in vegetables into their meals.And most importantly, emphasize to your children the importance of regular exercise, combined with a healthy diet, and how it is key to maintaining a long and happy life.

Many people that need to be exercising and thinking more about their health are those that deal with such things as obesity, disabilities or chronic injuries which makes it harder to exercise and easier to be inactive. Swimming and other aquatic exercise are good options for people of all ages and varying fitness levels because they have less impact on your joints than other types of exercise do which makes it easy for those dealing with pain, size or injury issues. Also, there are many health benefits that are associated with swimming like increased flexibility, muscle building, cardiovascular endurance and weight loss or maintenance.

Flexibility or the range of motion of a person’s muscles and joints is often taken for granted by people. You don’t know how much you need it until you experience a lack of it. Water exercises and swimming, when done with good stretching, can improve your flexibility and range of motion. That is why water is often used in therapeutic settings and physical therapy to help increase flexibility for a person. Water makes movements smoother which leads to lengthening, stretching and toning the muscles.

As people age, they tend to lose muscle mass and flexibility which can lead to difficulty in performing simple, everyday tasks. Muscle strength and endurance don’t always go together, but swimming can actually build both of these at the same time. With swimming, the body naturally meets water resistance so no matter what you are doing or what speed you are moving you build muscle. And when you move at a fast pace in the water you not only build muscle strength but endurance as well.

Swimming can be enjoyed by anyone and everyone and is also one of the best cardiovascular exercises available. Those suffering with anything from knee or back problems to disabilities as well as those that are overweight can exercise easily in the water and gain better health and a stronger body as a result. And as an added benefit, those swimming or doing other aquatic exercise can increase their metabolism and in turn lose weight or maintain their weight.

Every person who really loves sports knows that it can be an expensive hobby. If you like to play sports, the equipment that you need to participate can quickly add up. If you’d rather watch from the sidelines, the tickets to major events are not cheap, and then you have to add food, parking and other incidentals onto the price of the tickets. Some people aren’t that good with managing their money, and they can quickly get into trouble because watching and playing sports is costing them too much. With a prepaid card, they can only spend a set amount.

That’s just one of the options that someone can use to control his sports spending, though. There are also savings accounts, ‘rainy day’ funds like change jars, and other methods that can be used to control how much money is going out of the house for sports. If you know that a big sporting event is coming up, or you know you’re about to need a lot of specific equipment for a sport, consider budgeting for that and saving up for it. If you don’t overspend on sports, you’ll be more comfortable in the rest of the things you do, because you won’t be worried about money.

Sports are fun, and they’re great stress relievers, too. Getting exercise is always beneficial, so you don’t have to feel badly about playing sports. It’s just a good idea to make sure that you aren’t spending your entire budget on the equipment that you need. Plan ahead and take full advantage of sales at your local sporting goods stores. That way you can get what you need but you don’t have to pay nearly as much for it. It’s a big plus when you can get new sporting equipment and still pay the bills without any problem.

The first modern Olympic games in 1896 in Athens included four swimming events, all freestyle, open only to men. Alfred Hajos of Hungary won the first swimming gold medal in the modern Olympics for his time of 1:22.20 in the 100-meter freestyle.

At the next Olympic Games in Paris in 1900, women were still excluded from swimming events. Baron Pierre de Coubertin, a French scholar and sportsman who developed the modern Olympic Games, held the belief (common in Victorian times) that women were too frail for athletic competition. The swimming events at the Paris Olympics included three unusual experiments: an obstacle course for swimmers, a test of underwater swimming endurance, and a 4,000-meter event—about 2.4 miles, or 80 lengths of a 50-meter pool, the longest swimming event in competition thus far. (British swimmer John Arthur Jarvis won the event, clocking in at just under one hour.) None of these events was included in future Olympic Games.

Australian swimmer Richmond Cavill (known as “Playboy Dick”) used his own improved version of the “Trudgeon” crawl in the 1902 International Championships in England. His improvement: the flutter kick. He set a world record in the 100 yards, leaving in his wake all Trudgeon-style swimmers. His technique, labeled the “Australian crawl,” rapidly gained popularity. In 1950 the term “Australian crawl” was shortened to “crawl,” and then became known as the “front crawl.”

In 1907 the Australian swimmer and vaudeville performer Annette Kellerman brought to the New York Hippodrome Theater her “water ballet” act, which she performed in a glass tank. She is now credited with inventing the sport of synchronized swimming. Her snug-fitting one-piece bathing suit caused a scandal, and she was arrested on a Boston beach for “indecent exposure.” (At that time women were expected to wear a layered outfit consisting of a dress, bloomers and leggings when swimming.) She thereafter became an advocate for a woman’s right to wear a one-piece bathing suit, and she introduced her own line of women’s one-piece swimwear, which became known as the “Annette Kellerman,” now seen as a pioneering step toward modern swimwear for women.

To achieve faster swimming speeds, competitive swimmers and coaches in the late 1920s began to study swimming technique. University of Iowa coach David Armbruster, a pioneer in the observation and study of swimming movements, started the practice of photographing swimmers underwater. In the early 1930s Armbruster discovered that breaststroke swimmers who brought their arms forward out of the water in a “butterfly” motion achieved a much faster stroke.

Armbruster combined these arms movements with a “dolphin kick” (performed with the legs kept together to move like a fish tail) developed at the same time by University of Iowa swimmer Jack Sieg. The “dolphin kick” was not allowed in competition, but a few swimmers used the new “butterfly arms” in breaststroke competitions in the 1936 Summer Olympics in Berlin. Two years later most competitive breaststroke swimmers were using the butterfly style, but the stroke was not accepted in competitions until 1952, when it was recognized as a separate stroke with its own rules.

By mid-20th century, Australian competitive swimmers had refined backstroke movements so that the arms were bent underwater instead of held straight, thereby increasing speed and reducing exerted force. This modified stroke eventually became the preferred backstroke method used in competitions worldwide.

Breaststroke swimmers, in search of greater speed, began trying to reduce the number of times they needed to break the water surface. At the 1956 Summer Olympics in Melbourne, Japanese swimmer Masaru Furukawa surfaced only into and out of his turns, and won the gold medal in the 200-meter breaststroke. After the 1956 Olympics, breaststroke swimmers copying the technique of swimming without surfacing led to cases of oxygen deprivation and swimmers losing consciousness during races. FINA, the international governing body of swimming, thereby introduced stricter rules limiting the distances that breaststroke swimmers were allowed to swim underwater.

If you’re new to swimming or if you’re just looking to broaden your skills beyond the dog paddle, here are some interesting things you should know about the four basic swimming strokes used in competition.

Front Crawl

Called the “freestyle” by competitive swimmers, the front crawl is the fastest stroke overall. Although a “freestyle” competition officially means that swimmers can use any stroke in the race, swimmers will almost always go with the front crawl for its speed and efficiency. Because lifting the head out completely of the water reduces speed, expert racers learn how to turn the head out of the water only high enough to take a breath.

Backstroke

Also known as the “back crawl,” this is the only competitive stroke done on the back—which makes for easier breathing, but it’s hard to see where you’re going. It’s also the only competitive style for which swimmers start in the water instead of diving in. Until the mid-20th century, backstroke swimmers held their arms straight in the underwater push, but Australian swimmers discovered using a slightly bent arm underwater improved speed. The bent-arm technique thus became the favored method worldwide.

Breaststroke

Generally considered the slowest of the competitive strokes, the breaststroke is difficult to learn and to master. Performing the breaststroke requires superb timing, and swimmers can be disqualified from a race if they miss even one stroke. A popular stroke with recreational swimmers because of its leisurely pace combined with its excellent aerobic benefits, the breaststroke is done by pulling the arms along the body while legs do a “frog kick.”

Butterfly

The newest stroke to competitive swimming, the butterfly was first swum as a separate Olympic event in the 1956 Summer Olympics in Melbourne. Called the “butterfly” because of its wing-like arm movements, the stroke is considered by many swimmers to be the most difficult stroke to perform well. The powerful pull-and-push movement with both arms makes the butterfly’s peak speed even faster than that of the front crawl, but the stroke’s recovery phase makes it slightly slower than the front crawl during a race.

If you’re an avid swimmer, you might be prone to a condition called swimmer’s ear, or otitis externa. Often seen in children who swim a lot, swimmer’s ear begins with an itching and slight redness in the ear canal. If untreated, symptoms can progress to severe pain and redness in the ear, muffled hearing and discharge of pus.

If tugging on your earlobe or plugging your ear causes pain, it’s likely swimmer’s ear, an infection of the ear canal. Swimmers can be prone to this condition because repeated exposure to moisture strips away the protective coating on the thin skin of the ear canal.

It’s best to see a doctor as soon as symptoms appear instead of waiting until the ear canal becomes seriously inflamed. A doctor will usually prescribe antibiotic eardrops to treat the infection. Until the infection is cleared, which can take up to 10 days, you should keep water out of your ears.

Ways to Prevent Swimmer’s Ear
Dry your ears after swimming, bathing and showering. Tip your head to help water drain from your ear canal. With a soft cotton towel or cloth, slowly and gently dab moisture from your outer ear.

Don’t stick objects into your ears. Cotton swabs, hairpins or paperclips can irritate the skin of your ear canal and push material, such as wax, skin flakes and germs, deeper into the canal.

Avoid unclean water. If you’re susceptible to swimmer’s ear, steer clear of swimming in ponds and lakes because water quality is uncertain.

Use homemade preventive eardrops. After each swim, mix one part white vinegar and one part rubbing alcohol and pour about five drops of the solution into one ear canal. Keep the solution in the canal for five minutes. Do the same to the other ear canal.

Watch out for hair products. Put cotton balls in your ears when you’re using substances like hair sprays and hair coloring products.

Because swimming can be a high risk activity for children, the American Academy of Pediatrics (AAP) recommends that kids age four and older take swimming lessons. First and foremost, swimming lessons are a good idea for kids’ safety—but lessons have other important benefits as well.

Safety
Although drowning rates in the U.S. have fallen by about 50 percent since 1985—largely due to increased public awareness of swimming safety—drowning is still the second leading cause of death for children. Learning how to handle themselves in the water is the chief reason kids should take swimming lessons. Children under age four aren’t seen as being developmentally ready to learn how to make front-crawl swimming strokes, but they can get introduced to feeling comfortable and confident in the water. The AAP warns that taking swimming lessons will not make children “drown proof,” but evidence shows that lessons can make swimming a safer activity for kids.

Fitness
Swimming can be an ideal sports activity for kids because it’s a low-impact way—less risk of injury—to build strength, endurance and coordination.

Confidence
Swimming lessons give kids the chance to learn how to work toward mastery of a physical skill. They’ll learn to not only feel safe in the water, but also how to keep improving their adeptness as athletes in the pool. Learning how to swim is a vital life skill—an important milestone in kids’ development.

Social Development
Playing games in the water with friends and family offers kids fun opportunities to socialize. Kids like to swim with other people—initially, parents and instructors; as children get older, play dates with peers.

Athletic Challenge
For some kids, swimming lessons can be an introduction to the world of competitive swimming. Some swim teams begin accepting children as young as age five. Kids compete with others in their age group in events for these four strokes: butterfly, backstroke, breaststroke and freestyle. Young swimmers can compete throughout high school and college. The most talented and ambitious swimmers can aim for the top of the sport: the Olympic Games.

Sports betting can be a fun, and sometimes profitable, endeavor. There are lots of reasons why people bet on sports. Some do it for fun and excitement, while others are dedicated team fans who enjoy supporting their team, no matter what. Others make their bets for the sole purpose of making money. While it’s not for everyone, some actually do make a good deal of money, and even make a living, through sports betting. Follow these tips if you aspire to become a smart bettor.

The most important, and often most neglected, tip is to manage your money. Never bet more money than you can afford to lose. Never. Set aside a betting budget and stick to it, regardless of whether you win or lose. Don’t dump your winnings into one large bet, It’s a wiser idea to spread some money out over smaller bets. Remember, slowly, but surely, wins the race!

The next important step is to shop for the best number. Different sports books carry wider discrepancies. The books base their numbers on the patterns of their customers, so it’s not uncommon to find a varying point spread. Even a point or two can make a difference. Don’t waste your hard earned money. Be sure to do your homework.

Choose a niche. Your odds of winning will be increased if you become an expert at one or two particular games. Study your sports and learn the ins and outs to become a more savvy bettor. Increasing your knowledge increases your chances of beating the books.

Be sure to check the odds to up your payout. You can do this easily with most bookmakers. Finally, timing is everything. A good rule is to bet late on the underdog and early on favorites. This will keep you out of direct competition with the pros.